Method of making insulation and like structures



July 30, 1940.- 2.209311 METHOD OF MAKING INSULATION AND LIKE STRUCTURESH. C. KARCHER Original Filed Dec. 1, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTORHaze) c. Kfi/FCHEE %NEY5 y 30, 1940- H. c. KARCHER 2209,31!

METHOD OF MAKING INSULATION .AND LIKE STRUCTURES Original Fil'ed Dec. 1,1937 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 U INVENTOR EYS Patented July 30, 1940 UNITEDSTATES PATENT, OFFICE DIETHOD OF MAKING INSULATION AND LIKE STRUCTURESHarry G. Karcher, Dearborn, Mich., assignor to Aluminum AircellInsulation Company, De- I troit, Mich., a corporation of Michigan 3Claims.

This invention relates primarily to the manufacture of structures atleast partially formed from paper or similar sheet material, and whilethe invention is primarily concerned with the manufacture of such astructure adapted for use as heat insulation, certain features of theproducts capable of being produced by the present invention are capableof broader use and, accordingly, the invention is not to be understoodin as being solely restricted to the manufacture of heat insulatingmaterial.

The present application is a'division of my copending applications forLetters Patent of the United States for improvements in Insulation andlike structures, filed December 1, 1937, and serially numbered 177,627,and for improvements in Method of making insulation and like structures,filed December 30, 1938, and serially numbered 248,565.

g Objects of the invention include the provision of a novel means andmethod of providing gathers or the like in a sheet of material to besecured as the covering to a sheet of corrugated or other paper or likematerial; to provide a novel means 25 and method of applying a coveringto a corrugated sheet whereby an excess of area will be provided in thecovering to permit expansive and contractive movements of the corrugatedsheet without subjecting the covering to undue strains;

30 and to provide a method for applying a planular cover to a corrugatedsheet whereby an excess of the covering material will be provided in anunadhered state to the corrugated sheet along lines of intended bending.

35 The above being among the objects of the present invention, the sameconsists in certain novel steps of operation to be hereinafter describedwith reference to the accompanying drawings, and then claimed, havingthe above and other ob- 4o jects in view.

The accompanying drawings illustrate suitable apparatus for carrying outthe present invention and products resulting therefrom, like numeralsreferring to like parts throughout the several 45 different views.

Figure 1 is a fragmentary perspective view of a piece of corrugatedpaper or like material showing the interrupted lines of adhesive appliedthereto;

50 Fig. 2 is a view of the corrugated sheet shown in Fig. 1 to which asheet-like covering or single face has been applied, the covering beingprovided with an excess of material over the areas in which the adhesivehas been omitted;

56 Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the assembly shown in Fig. 2 lookingfrom the'opposite side and showing lines of adhesive applied to suchside corrugated sheet for the reception of a covering on such side;

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 3 showing an 5 additional coveringmember applied to the construction shown in Fig. 3 to make it into adouble face structure;

Fig. 5 is an enlarged fragmentary, transverse sectional view taken onthe line 55 of Fig. 4; 10

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary perspective view illustrating a piece ofmaterial such as shown in Fig. 4 bent along an unadhered area betweenthe first covering member and the corrugated sheet so as to form an edgeflange shown nailed to a wooden 16 member which may be a house framestud, rafter or other suitable object;

Fig. 7 is a more or less diagrammatic view 11- lustrating apparatus bymeans of which corrugated paper or like material such as shown in Fig. 1may be provided with a single face or covering such as shown in Fig. 2;

Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. 7 but illustrating further apparatus bymeans of which material such as shown in Fig. 2 may be provided with asecond face or covering such as shown in Fig. 4;

Fig. 9 is an enlarged fragmentary transverse sectional view taken on theline 9--9 of Fig. 7, and illustrating one type of mechanism that may beemployed for insuring an excess of material in a covering member overthe unadhered area between it and the corrugated sheet member;

Fig. 10 is an enlarged fragmentary view taken on the line I 0-) of Fig.7 and illustrating the apparatus employed for applying adhesive to thecorrugated sheet shown in Fig. 1 so as to leave certain areas of thepaper free of the adhesive;

Fig. 11 is an enlarged fragmentary view taken on the line ||-l| of Fig.8 and illustrating the mechanism employed for oscillating one of thesheet material rolls so as to provide a gather in the material as it isapplied to the corrugated sheet;

Fig. 12 is an enlarged fragmentary view taken on the line l2--l2 of Fig.8 and further illustrating the manner of providing the gathers in thesheet material.

In order to properly understand the present invention it is firstnecessary to understand the various types of structures which areintended to be produced thereby. Accordingly such structures will befirst described.

Referring to Fig. 1 a piece of corrugated material is indicated at 20 inthe condition it assumes immediately before receiving a substantiallyplanular sheet covering or single face onone side thereof. Thecorrugated sheet 20 may and in most cases will be paper, although it isto be understood that it may be formed of any suitable non-metallic orfibrous material. For the sake of simplicity in the followingdescription it will be referred to as being formed from paper but itwill be understood that such reference is in a descriptive and not in alimiting sense. For the purpose of applying such single face or coveringthe high points of the corrugation on the side of the sheet 20 that isto receive the single face covering is provided with lines of adhesive22 in accordance with conventional practice. However, in accordance withthe present invention and contrary to conventional practice the lines 28of adhesive are not continuous over the full length of the corrugationsbut are interrupted at intervals as at 24. Preferably, and particularlywhere the feature of the present invention is employed to provide a lineof fold in the corrugated paper transversely of the length of thecorrugations, areas 24 which are devoid of adhesive are preferablyarranged in line across the corrugations of the sheet. Where it is laterdesired to bend the material along a line perpendicular to thecorrugations in the sheet 20 the line or lines of areas 24 devoid ofadhesive will extend in such direction, and when the line of bend is tobe at an angle to the length of the corrugation and also to a lineperpendicular thereto the product about a line extending perpendicularto the length of the corrugations in the sheet 20 and where anydifferent arrangement is desired the changes required in the followingexplanation of the process and apparatus will be apparent to thoseskilled in the art.

Referring now to Fig. 2 a covering 26 is shown applied to the corrugatedpaper 20 illustrated in Fig. 1 to form a single face structure. Thecover 26 usually will be a substantially fiat paper sheet 1 of thecharacter commonly employed in connection with corrugated paper board,although it will be understood that in the broad aspects of the presentinvention the covering 26 may be formed of any suitable material such aspaper, metallic foil, or other suitable substance or material. Inaccordance with the present invention, the covering 26 is so applied tothe cormgated paper 20 that an excess of material in the for instance, aflange.

cover 26 is provided over each line of cooperating areas 24 which aredevoid of adhesive so as to form a gather or so-called loop 28. Such agather or loop 28 is particularly desirable where it is desired to foldthe corrugated paper board constituting the final product about theunadhered line below the loop 28 so as to provide,

narily extend away from the nearest side of the assembly as illustratedin Fig. 2, as in such case it will beapparent that the excess materialin the loop 28 will readily permit such folding without subjecting thecovering 26 along the line of fold to an excessive tensile stress. Thelast mentioned arrangement is particularly u eful in Such flange willordiplace of the conventional folding scores provided in corrugatedpaper board to define a line of fold therein transversely of thecorrugation. It has been found that the absence of adhesive over theareas 24will so weaken the strength of the board transversely of thecorrugations over this area that upon compressive stress being appliedto the paper board in the direction of the corrugation the board easilybends along this line. This weakness occurs not only because thecorrugations are not reinforced by the cover along this line, but alsobecause the corrugations are stiffened by the adhesive which is lackingalong this line. Particularly where the loops or gathers 28 are providedthis bending, as before mentioned, does not subject the covering toexcessive tensile stresses as in the case of conventional structuresemploying the usual scores, with the result that the final product isstronger than when equivalent bends are made by the conventional method.The above described feature also has this advantage over corrugatedpaper board with a score to provide a line of bend, that it remainsconstantly effective, while scores are liable to become obliteratedwhere formed in sheets that are stored away in fiat condition forrelatively long periods of time.

It is to be understood that in accordance with one phase of the presentinvention the areas 24 devoid of adhesiveforming unadhered areas betweenthe cover and the corrugated paper occur at more or less frequentintervals over the length of the corrugation and that in some cases atleast it is preferable" that the covering be looped as at 28 over eachof these areas. This last is particularly true where the covering 26 isof a material or substance that has a materially different temperatureco-efiicient of expansion than the corrugated sheet, or where it is ofsuch character that its expansive and contractive movements under theinfluence of variations in moisture content are materially differentfrom that of the material from which the corrugated paper 20 is made,the loops in such case permitting movement of one member relative to theother without subjecting either to dangerous stresses.

The corrugated paper 20 with the covering 26 adhered thereto asillustrated in Fig. 2 may in many cases form a completed article ofmanufacture and be employed in the form shown in accordance withconventional practice. This is particularly true where the assembly isto be used for packing or like purposes although its use is not limitedto packingpurposes. In most cases, however, a second covering will beapplied to the corrugated paper 20 on the sidethereof opposite the cover26 so as to form a double face structure. As far as the presentinvention is concerned broadly it makes no difference how such secondsheet is applied or from what type of material it is made. However, inorder to illustrate one such covering, the covering constitut-. ing apart of the subject-matter of my application Serial No. 177,627, aboveidentified,- is illustrated by way of example.

In applying this second covering the high points of the'corrugations ofthe paper 20 on the side thereof opposite the cover 26. may be providedwith lines 30 of adhesive as illustrated in Fig. 3. This adhesive may beapplied in identically the same manner as illustrated in Fig. 1, thatis, so as to leave areas 3| devoid of adhesive in line with, but on theopposite side of the cormgated sheet from the areas 24, this alignment 7occurring particularly where the line is to be employed as a line offold or bending in the final product, and a second covering" identicalto the covering 28 and formed from the same material as the covering 28,or some other suitable material, may be applied in identically the samemanner. This second coverin'g'may be applied so as to provide the'loops28 if desired, or it may be applied in completely fiat condition withthat portion overlying the areas equivalent to the areas 24, simplyremaining unadhered to the corrugated paper. However, a covering may beapplied to the corrugated paper 28 so as to get the equivalent of thenon-adhered and loop con-'- struction previously described in anentirely different manner and for the purpose of illustration the secondcovering is applied to the assembly shown in Fig. 2 in this furthernovel manner, in addition to the provision of the non-adherent areas 3|,to illustrate the same.

The second covering which is shown applied is illustrated in Fig. 4 at32 and it will be noted that the surface of this covering is more orless crinkled over its entire area. In addition to such crinkling it isfurther provided with gather lines 34 which extend angularly withrespect to the length of the corrugations in the paper 28. The

crinkled relation of the covering 32 is best brought out in Fig, 5 andthe nature of the gather line 34 will best be understood duringexplanation of the method of providing them in the covering 32 whichwill later follow.- It is sufficient to note at the present time thatthe crinkles,

in the covering 32 have the effect of providing an excess of thematerial in the covering 32 both longitudinally of and transversely ofthe corrugations in the paper 28, the effect in this respect betweencorrugations for instance being similar to that which might be obtainedby providing a sag in the covering 38 between the high points ofadjacent corrugations in the corrugated paper 28. This excess materialin the covering 32 serves the same purpose as the loops 28in thecovering 26 but in addition serves to act in two directionsperpendicular to each other, whereas the loops 28 set in one directiononly. Likewise the angularly disposed gathers 34 provide excess materialcapable of permitting the covering 32 to give both in the direction ofthe corrugations in .the'paper 28 and in a direction perpendicularthereto, these gathers having an effect similar to the loops 28 wherethe loops are disposed angularly with respect to the length of thecorrugations in the paper 28 and also to a line perpendicular thereto.

The crinkles and the gathers 34 may be used independently of one anotherto obtain substantially the same ultimate effect, that is an excess ofmaterial in the oovering'32 permitting variations in expansion andcontraction of the sheet 28 and covering 32 in all directions withoutsubjecting either the corrugated sheet 28 or the covering 32 to undue orunusual stresses. However, inasmuch as by the preferred method ofapplying the covering 32 both the crinkles and the gathers 34 willresult in the covering 32, it will ordinarily be preferable to use :bothin combination, either with or without the unadhered areas 24 and/or 3|.

The structure shown inFig. 4 when the covmaterial is preferably made upin strips of a width approximately four inches wider than the spacingbetween the studs, joists, rafters and the like between which thematerial is to be located, and ,at least two lines'of unadhered areas24, and preferably cooperating loops 28, together with correspondingunadhered areas 3|, are provided, one located approximately two inchesin from one edge of the strip and the other located a correspondingdistance inwardly from the opposite edge of the strip. That portion ofthe strip outwardly of each of these loops is then bent at right anglesto the main body portion of the strip,

in either direction, to form a flange such as the flange indicatedgenerally at 38 in Fig. 6. Where the strip is ,being applied betweenstuds, such as the studs 38 in Fig. 6, a flange 38 is then appliedagainst a side face of the stud and is secured thereto as by nails 48,or other suitable fastening devices-it being understood that thecorresponding flange formed at the opposite side of the strip ofmaterial is likewise flanged and secured to the opposed face of the nextadjacent stud 38. Pref sheathings of the building secured by the studS-into two separate spaces. Also it is preferable, but not essential, thatthe foil face be positioned toward the inside of the building or thelike. This not only separates the air between the studs into twoseparate bodies, but also insures the bright aluminum covering 32, asassumed in this case, as being bounded solely by air on its exposedface, which is conducive to optimum heat insulation performance thereof.The bending of the material to form such flanges causes the foil facingto crinkle along the line of bending as indicated at 42 in Figs. 4 and6.

In manufacturing a product of the type disclosed in Fig. 2 in accordancewith the present invention apparatus of the character diagrammaticallyillustrated in Fig. 7 may be employed. This apparatus includes a pair ofcooperating corrugating rolls 48, a pair of cooperating glue rolls 48and 43, respectively, the lower one of which extends into a bath 58 ofsuitable ad hesive, and a pair of cooperating rolls 52. Aroll 54 ofpaper of suitable character and width required in the corrugated paper28 is suitably mounted so that paper thereon may be withdrawn and passedbetween the corrugating rolls 48 which act to corrugate the paper in aconventional manner to form the corrugated paper 28. The corrugatedpaper 28 from the rolls '48 passes over the upper roll 49 which appliesadhesive to the high points of the corrugations on the correspondingside of the corrugated paper 28, and the corrugated paper 28 is then ledover one of the rolls 52 which may or may not have a corrugated face. Aroll 58 of the required character and width for the covering 28 and ofthe desired material for the cover 26, in this case considered to bepaper, is suitably mounted and the paper therefrom is passed with thecormgated paper coming over the glue rolls between the rollers 52. Therollers 52 may, if desired, be employed to press the paper from theroll58 into contact with the high points of the corrugated paper which hasjust received adhesive from the roll 49, but ordinarily a pressingmechanism indicated generally at 51 will be employed 15 the corrugatedpaper.

for this purpose and the rollers 52' employed simply to properly guidethe corrugated paper 29 and covering thereinto. The corrugated paper andthe one sheet of covering thus applied 5 after leaving the rolls 52 orpressing mechanism 51 is then wound up into a suitable roll 59. As thusfar described the construction is conventional.

' As is well understood in the art', adhesive picked 19 up by the roller49 which is driven at a uniform .peripheral speed withthe roller 48 andusually at the same speed as the paper that is delivered from thecorrugating rolls 46, discharges adhesive upon the roll 49 and the'roll49 in rotating applies it to In order to predetermine the thicknessof-the coating of adhesive applied to the corrugated paper a scraper 69is provided in conjunction with either of the rolls 49 and 49 butpreferably the roll 49 so as to limit the thick- 20 ness of the adhesivecoating beyond the scraper 69 in the direction of rotation of the roller49 which -may be carried up into contact with the corrugated paper.

In accordance with the present invention, in

'85 order to provide the areas 24 devoid of adhesive v the scraper 69,as best illustrated in Fig. 10, at

intervals over its length corresponding to the intervals between thedesired areas 24, is provided with a corresponding number of projections62 i: each of the same width as the. desired length of the areas 24measured along the lines of corrugations in the paper 29, and whichprojections contact the surface of the roll 49 so as to remove all ofthe adhesive therefrom over their width. 5 Consequently the adhesivewhich is finally carried up into contact and transferred to thecorrugated paper is interrupted axially of the cylinder 49 at eachlocation where the areas 24 are desired to be located. Where thisscraper con- .struction, or any other construction capable of eflectingthe same result in the application of the adhesive to the corrugationsis'employed, it will, of course, be apparent that the covering deliveredfrom the roll 56 will be adhered to the high 5 points of thecorrugations on the corresponding side of the corrugated paper atseparated intervals over the length of the corrugations.

In many cases where the character of the may be provided for thispurpose inthe broader aspects of the invention the pressing device 51may be readily modified to eflect this result. As best indicated inFigs. 7 and 9, the device 51 constitutes a slotted member disposed onthe dis- I 5 charge side of the rolls 52 and through which thecorrugated paper with its covering from the roll 56 is passed on the wayto the roll 58, the width of the slot being such as to press the paper29 and covering 26 together. The member 66 at intervals yo.corresponding to the desired spacing longitudinally of the corrugationsbetween the areas 24 is provided internally on that face opposing thecovering 26 from the roll 56 with a groove. ex-

tending in the direction of movement of the paper therethrough. Eachgroove 68 is connected 'by means of a pipe or tube 19 with a suitablesource -of suction so that as the paper passes therethrough it will drawthe covering 26 away from the corrugated paper 29 and into such grooveover the area 24 as illustrated in Fig. 9 to form a loop 29.

Where the covering 26 is formed of paper the adhesive 59 may :be of anyof the usual types of adhesive employed for this purpose and of whichthe most commonly employed is sodium silicate. Sodium silicate willusually be employed but in some instances it may be preferable'to employa non-drying or resilient type of adhesive of a suitable character anumber of different types of which are now found on the open market. The

use of the non-drying adhesive is particularly advantageous inconnection with metallic foils because the latter are usually resistantto the adhesive eflects of a drying type of adhesive, and additionallyin extreme cases of contraction or expansion of either the corrugatedsheet 29 or of the coating 26 the non-drying adhesive may yieldsufllcientlyto prevent rupturing of the foil which might otherwiseoccur.

As previously mentioned the corrugated paper may be provided with acovering or facing on both sides applied thereto in the same manner asthe covering 26 as above described. This may be accomplished either byapplying such second sheet simultaneously with the sheet 26 by arranginga roll such as the roll 56 on the opposite side of the corrugated sheet29 and making both sides .of the presser 51 the same, together with theprovision of means similar to that shown for applying adhesive to theopposite side of the corrugated sheet 29, or by taking the corrugatedsheet 29 and cover 26 as provided in Fig.7 and putting it through thesame or equivalent mechanism shown in Fig. 7 with the rolls 46 separatedor eliminated and the corrugated sheet 29 reversed from the positionshown. On the other hand for the'purpose of illustrating both coveringsin the present instance it is assumed that the covering or facing 26 isapplied to one side of the paper 29 and the covering or facing 32applied to the other.

In applying the covering 32 apparatus of the general type shown more orless diagrammatically in Fig. 8 is preferably employed. Referring toFig. 8 it will be noted that the roll 58 has been .tra D T- ed to serveas the feeding roll in this case, the corrugated paper 29 withthefcovering 26 applied thereto being fed over a pair of adhesive rolls'l2 and 14 so as to apply adhesive to the uncovered face of the paper 29.The lower roll 14 projects into a bath 16 of suitable adhesive and; aspreviously mentioned, where the covering 32 is of metal foil this bathmay be either sodium silicate or of a suitable non-drying nature.Likewise a scraper 18' cooperates with the roll I2 to limit thethickness of the coating of adhesive to be transferred to the highpoints of the corrugations on the exposed face of the corrugated paperbeing unrolled from the roll 59, and such scraper will preferably besubstantially identical to the scraper 69 previously describedparticularly where it is desired to provide a line of adhesive to beapplied to the high points of the cooperating corrugations of the paper29 in this case" as illustrated at 99 in Fig. 3. The corrugated paperwith the covering 26 thereon and provided with the-adhesive as abovedescribed is then led under a roller 89 and in passing under the rollerthe covering 32 is applied thereto from a roll 62. The corrugated paper29 with the two coverings 26 and 32 applied thereto is then led upbetween the opposed faces of the pressing device 51', corresponding withthe device 51 previously described, except that no grooves equivalent tothe grooves 68 are assumed employed in this case, which presses thecovering 32 against the op-' posced corrugations of the paper 20 and theassembly is then led to the roller 63 upon which it is wound.

It will be noted that in applying the'covering 32 to the corrugatedpaper 20 it is applied thereto at a point where the corrugated paper 20is bent around the roll 66. Consequently where the central line ofthickness of the corrugated paper 20 remains at the same length, whenthe paper is straightened out there will be an excess in the length ofthe covering 32 on the corrugated paper which thus provides for anexpansion of the corrugated paper in a direction perpendicular to thelength of the corrugations without placing the covering 32 under tensionin this direction. However, as previously described in order toadditionally provide against the possibility'of variations of dimensionsof both the corrugated paper 26 and of the covering 32, particularlywhere the covering 32 isformed of metallic foil, from subjecting theseparts to undue stresses, means are provided for crinkling the surface ofthe covering 32 and providing the gather lines 34 therein. Briefly thisis accomplished by axially reciprocating the roll 62, or moving thesheet delivered therefrom in a corresponding direction, during thewithdrawal of the covering 32 therefrom and its application to thecorrugated paper 26. The effect of this axial reciprocation of the roll82 or its equivalent is particularly brought out in Fig. 12 wherein itwill be noted that in the position of the parts shown the roll 62 hasbeen reciprocated to the right of its transversely aligned position withthe roll 80 and that this movement of the roll 62 to the right hascaused the gather lines 34 to appear in the covering 32, these gatherlines 24 being angularly disposed with respect to both the axis of theroll 82 and the direction of movement of the covering 22 therefrom. The

l. 02. As will also be understood the lines of gather,

36 will extend in one angular direction during movement of the roll 22axially in one direction and will extend in the oppositeangularrdirection when the axial movement of the roll 82 is reversedThese gather lines 34 will be appreelated as being composed of ripplesor corrugations in the covering 32 occurring as a result of the tendencyto warp the covering 32 in the plane of its thickness. Additionally itwill be found that the lines of gather 36 will occur usually in spacedgroups in the manner illustrated in Fig. 12 and it will also be foundthat a certain amount of crinkling of the covering 32 will occur Betweenthe various gather groups during the formation of the gather groups 34and particularly upon reversal of the reciprocatory movement of the roll62. The rolling of the final product onto the roll 63 will have theeffect of shortening this face of the product, and increase the amountof'slack material in this face, the tendency of which is also to producea certain amount of additional crinkling of the material particularlywhen formed from metallic foil.

Although any suitable means may be employed for effecting axialreciprocation of the roll 82 or effect an equivalent movement of thesheet delivered from the roll 32 to the sheet of corrugated paper, andeven manual means may be employed to obtain the desired effect withsatisfactory results, in Fig. 11 one suitable means of reciprocat- .ingthe roll 82 is shown by way. of illustration.

The corresponding end of the shaft of the roll 62 is provided with amember 96 fixed thereto and this member is peripherally provided with acircumferential circular groove 36. A doubled arm lever 98 is mountedmidway between its ends upon a fixed vertically extending pin Ill andone end of the lever 96 is received in the cam groove 32 r and theopposite end in the groove 66. As will be appreciated, rotation of themember will cause' oscillatory movement of the double armed le'ver 98the opposite end of which engaging in the groove 96 of the member 96will automatically effect reciprocatory axial movement of the roll 82and the covering 26 carried thereby.

Formal changes may be made in the specific embodiment of the inventiondescribed without departing from the spirit or substance of the broadinvention, the scope of which is commensurate with the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. In the manufacture of corrugated paper board or like structure, thesteps of applying interrupted lines of adhesive to the peaks of acorrugated paper sheet with the interruptions in line and extendingtransversely of the length of the corrugations, applying asubstantiallyplanular sheet of material to said peaks of said corrugated paper, andacting upon the last mentioned sheet to provide a loop therein along theline connecting the points of interruption of said adhesive.

2. In the manufacture of corrugated paper board or like structures, thesteps of applying interrupted lines of adhesive to the high points ofthe corrugations on one'side of the corrugated sheet of paper, saidinterruptions occurring in lines extending longitudinally of said sheetsand perpendicularly with-respect to the direction of the corrugationstherein, applying a substantially planular sheet of material to said.face of said corrugated paper, and withdrawing areas of said planularsheet corresponding with said line of interruptions out of contact withsaid corrugated sheets before said adhesive has set whereby to providean excess of material in said planular sheet over said lines ofinterruption.

3. In the manufacture of a composite sheet of paper board orthe like, incombination, the step stantially only over those areas thereof lying in.

opposed relationship with respect to said areas devoid of adhesivebefore said adhesive has had an opportunity to set, whereby to withdrawsuch areas of said secondmentioned sheet out of contact with the firstmentioned sheet.

- HARRY C. KARCHER.

